Today, January 15, 1919, is exactly 103 years old. Rosa Luxemburg and her comrade Carl Liebknecht were briefly assassinated by the Free Corps. Angry wolves who felt useless at the time of putting down their weapons. Hired assassins, mercenaries, many of whom escaped from the German army when defeat was inevitable. To this day, the true identity of the killers remains a mystery, although in 1993 historian Klaus Keidinger published a book in which he named the man who killed Rosa Luxembourg in the vehicle he was taking to the Berlin prison. According to Gietinger, Otto Range, a soldier of the GKSD (Garde Kavallerie Schützen faction, one of the far-right factions of the Free Corps), struck her in the back of the head, and then an officer, Herman, put his foot on her neck and shot her in the temple. Then another soldier, Kurt Vogel, threw the body into one of Spray’s canals. The order was issued directly by GDST General Commander Voltaire Bobst.
January 1919 was a difficult and controversial month in Berlin. Spartacusband, or Spartacist League, a revolutionary Marxist movement formed during the war under the name of Spartacus, the leader of the slave revolution during the Roman Republic, founded by Carl Liebknecht, Rosa Luxemburg, Clara Zetkin and other co-activists. The Weimar government, led by the president of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) in Germany, Friedrich Ebert, launched a fierce war against the government. In fact, Spartakusbund began as a left-wing faction of the SPD, splitting from the party by taking a pro-revolutionary stance rather than attempting to seize power in the parliamentary arena. It later became the German Communist Party (KPD).
A mass movement spontaneously spread in an attempt to kidnap the Berlin police chief, a dishonest type of Emil Eichhorn, a member of the Free German Social Democratic Party (USPD) who had supported the SPD to form a government. The political turmoil in Germany intensified after the fall of the empire and the resignation of the Kaiser. Opinions were divided, party forces were dispersed, and power was constantly questioned, and therefore the importance the Free Corps considered in maintaining the new regime. The House of Representatives, as it is named, has shown more and more sympathy and connection with the old elite, especially the old military leaders. At one point, the last straw filled the glass of the Independent Social Democrats who decided to leave the government. Everyone except Eichsarn was stuck in that spot like a stumbling block. He opposed the dismissal imposed on him and ignited the anger of the people. A fuse that ended with the murder of Rosa and Lipknecht.
In early December 1918, the walls of Berlin were occupied by posters – “Death to Lipknecht!” Both Lipknecht and Rosa Luxemburg reached the point of disgust to the point of disappearing from public life. Rosa had many doubts about the revolutionary movement that was cooking up. Finally he reassured himself and wrote a series of essays in which he used the phrase “the Second Revolution is underway”. Their hideout in the quiet neighborhood of Wilmersdorf in Berlin was soon discovered, and they were captured by a famous militant. Unsure of what to do with the two captives, they handed them over to Eden, a luxury development hotel where GKSD Freikorps is headquartered. Immediately, Commander Bobst decided that they should be assassinated.
Bobst knew that the deaths of Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg could have ignited the early days of 1919 that year. The latter threw the decision into the hands of Army Commander Walter Freeher von Ludwigs. Bobst responded that Walter would never show the green light for execution. Therefore, Noske concluded, “You must be responsible for your actions.”
Worst deaths
From January 15 to 16, Popstin’s plan was to kill two revolutionaries on the way from Hotel Eden to the prison, throwing their bodies into the street and giving the impression that they had been massacred. The mob that formed at that time, the battalions looking for fights here and there. But traffic was postponed as events gradually got out of his control. A young officer bribed a soldier to shoot LifeKect and Rosa Luxemburg in Bopst’s absence. One hundred marks is enough. Both were seriously injured in the shooting but did not die. The time has come to evict them once and for all from Hotel Eden so that responsibility for the crime does not fall like an avalanche on GKSD. Rosa was thrown into the back of a van, where Hermann Susan, who was already in motion, shot her in the head. The commander of the operation, Kurt Vogel, gave instructions to throw the body into the landwear canal, where it would not be found after four months.
At the same time that Rosa Luxemburg was being slaughtered like a beast, Carl Lipknecht was seriously wounded and taken to Tiergarten in an open car. The driver faked a break, and Carl was told they had to walk the rest of the way. When they got the chance, they put two bullets in his back and made a fake statement that he was presumed dead when he tried to escape.
The government decided that the deaths of Carl and Rosa should be investigated by a military tribunal.
Conveniently, the judges elected to preside over him were part of the same faction of the GKSD as the men brought to justice. The Chief Justice, in collusion with the BOPs, sought to cover up the atrocity of the crime. He was later honored by Hitler’s Nazis with the promotion to the highly acclaimed Roland Friesler Special Court, a politically arbitrary cave rather than a legal decision. The killers were released. Vogue received a symbolic sentence for the crime of throwing a corpse into the street and fleeing to Holland. The Nazis also rewarded him generously: he was the head of Hitler’s counter-intelligence police, Aber.
For the life of Rose
Roja Luxembourg, also known as Roja Luxemburg, was born on March 5, 1871, in Jomosk, Poland. Rosa’s grandfather Abraham left Warsaw to marry Sana Slam and settled in Jomos and started a lucrative lumber business. It quickly gained branches in many large cities, such as Gdansk, Leipzig, Berlin and Hamburg. Despite his humble beginnings he became a prolific man who actively participated in the reform of Polish Orthodox Judaism. Edward Elias, Rosa’s father, the eldest of ten siblings, was primarily responsible for growing the business Abraham created. He lost his mother at the age of 18 and married Lina Lowenstein at an early age. The January Uprising, the separatist movement of the Polish-Lithuanian Union from the Russian Empire in 1863, pushed Edward into the political empire, something that had never been on his borders. Accused of distributing weapons to peasants, he was persecuted after the defeat of the uprising and took refuge in Warsaw, secretly leaving his family in Jamos. Financial problems became a part of his daily life, so he had no choice but to call Lena to his side. Rosa was two years old when she moved to Warsaw with her father. She was the youngest of five siblings, and soon she was stricken with polio, which was a debilitating condition for the rest of her life. A compulsive reader, he was fluent in Russian and French in addition to Polish. He first formed his political views on the principle of being Polish and then Jewish.
She also became an unrepentant anti-Tsarist.
After completing her secondary education at a women’s college in Warsaw, where the Russian language was forcibly and colonially expelled, she became a member of the Polish Proletarian Party in 1886, an illegal left-wing organization that had been seeking Russian communism for more than twenty years. . Because he was restless, he soon got into trouble when he helped organize a general strike, for which four key leaders of his party were sentenced to death. Rosa was active despite being in disguise, but she was already well recognized by the Jarist police so she could continue with her daily life. She disappeared into a rural area, where she earned her living in a dungeon, i.e. as a teacher in a classic people’s home. A short time. In 1889 he fled to Switzerland and joined the University of Zurich, where he studied philosophy, politics, economics and mathematics. He specializes in political science and has presented a dissertation on industrial development in Poland. At the time, he spoke and wrote German fluently. Became the first woman to earn a doctorate in economics.
After completing his studies, he became involved in political activities and approached individuals such as Jorge Plekhanov and Pavel Axelrod, radical defenders of Marxist ideology. In 1893, Rosa Luxemburg, along with Leo Jokicz and Julian Marlevsky, founded the newspaper Sprava Robotnisa (Workers’ cause), which supported the development of an independent Poland that could emerge only with the support of the communist movements in Germany, Austria and Hungary. And Russia. He fought with Lenin, who was deported to Switzerland at the time, and was instrumental in founding the SDKPiL, the Social Democrats of Poland and Lithuania.
Founded in Berlin, she fled to Warsaw when the 1905 revolution broke out, realizing she was in danger of being caught by tsarist police. His physical courage was impressive. Surviving underground he published the illegal newspaper Czerwony Sztandar (Red Standard), in which he signed more than a hundred articles a year, defending his revolutionary ideas. In 1906 she was arrested. From the 10th pavilion in Citadel, Warsaw, where he was imprisoned, he continued to write and spread his destructive ideas abroad. With the help of two bribed guards, he fled to Finland and returned to Germany.
In 1897, she married the son of an old friend, Gustav Lபெbeck, by whom he became a German citizen. He joined Edward Bernstein’s reform movement and never hid his hatred of Berlin’s boring situation. But everywhere the doors to him were closed a little. He wrote a controversial book, The Accumulation of Capital, which became famous as a terrorist, and fell in love with another activist, Kostja Zetkin. Their comments publicly denigrated Prussian culture. He deviated from Bernstein’s views, accusing him of revisionism and insisting on hating Germany and its consistent political approach, admitting that he had only lived in Berlin for convenience, not for taste, and had repeatedly fled to Switzerland. Community swamp. It was in this swamp that he died. Shot at point-blank range by an assailant.